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Geopolymer Concrete | Encyclopedia MDPI

Geopolymer concrete is a type of concrete that is made by reacting aluminate and silicate bearing materials with a caustic activator, such as fly ash or slag from iron and metal production. It can be a suitable substitute for ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Geopolymer Concrete Portland cement. 1. Introduction.

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Concrete | Definition, Composition, Uses, Types, & Facts

Aug. 9, 2023, 12:24 PM ET (The Indian Express) concrete, in construction, structural material consisting of a hard, chemically inert particulate substance, known as aggregate (usually sand and gravel), …

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Portland cement paint | Article about portland cement paint by …

1. A paint consisting generally of white portland cement and water, pigments, hydrated lime, water repellents, or hygroscopic salts; usually applied over masonry surfaces as a waterproofing. 2. A paint formulated to be resistant to the alkali in the cement surface over which it is applied. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction.

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Geopolymers as Construction Materials | Encyclopedia MDPI

1. 0. Utilising geopolymer as a construction material has gained institutional and commercial interest over the past decade, due to its favourable emissions profile as an alternative to carbon-intensive Ordinary Portland Cement-based concrete, which currently accounts for around 7% of global carbon emissions.

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Huron Portland Cement Company v. Detroit 362 U.S. 440 (1960)

Detroit 362 U.S. 440 (1960) HURON PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY v. DETROIT 362 U.S. 440 (1960) In a case involving a major commerce clause issue, a 7–2 Supreme Court sustained Detroit's Smoke Abatement Code. That city sued a Michigan manufacturer operating ships in interstate commerce for violating its air pollution regulations.

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Portland_cement

Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general usage in many parts of the world, as it is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco and most non-specialty grout.It is a fine powder produced by grinding Portland cement clinker (more than 90%), a limited amount of calcium sulfate which controls the set time, and up to 5% minor constituents …

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Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Fifth Edition

Because the cement production was around 2.3 billion tons in 2005, and it increased to 2.8 billion tons in 2010, the cement industry consumed around 5–6% of that quantity, or roughly 150 million ...

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Cement

Encyclopedia; Cement; Cement. In the most general sense of the word, cement is a binder, a substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. The name "cement" goes back to the Romans who used the term "opus caementitium" to describe masonry which resembled concrete and was made from …

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Modified portland cement | Article about modified portland cement …

Figure 5 shows that increasing the dosage of the plasticiser (LS) from 0.2 to 1.2% of the cement weight, the reduction in the water demand of the modified Portland cement paste is steadily increasing from 3 to 11%, while increasing the dosage of the superplasticiser (PCE and MAP) from 0.2 to 0.8%, the reduction in the paste water demand intensively …

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Cement Industry | The Canadian Encyclopedia

The Cement industry comprises establishments engaged in producing hydraulic cements, ie, cements which set and harden to a stonelike mass by reacting with water. The principal hydraulic cement is portland cement, a finely ground, usually grey, manufactured mineral product. Cement by itself has limited application, but when mixed …

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Definition of portland cement

Definition of portland cement Q. What is portland cement? A. Portland cement is the …

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Portland Cement

Portland cement From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general use around the world, used as a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco, and most non-speciality grout.

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Portland cement

Portland cement synonyms, Portland cement pronunciation, Portland cement translation, English dictionary definition of Portland cement. or portland cement n. A hydraulic cement made by heating a limestone and clay mixture in a kiln and pulverizing the resulting material.

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Portland Cement: An Overview as a Root Repair Material

Portland cement's high alkalinity is a proposed mechanism for its antimicrobial activity. Portland cement's pH rises from 7 to 12.3 upon hydration and continues to increase for 3 hours to reach a pH of 12.9. It is noteworthy that since the cement manufacturing process requires a temperature of 15000°C, the commercial samples are generally sterile.

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Coal Fly Ash Use in Cement and Concrete | Encyclopedia MDPI

The benefits of coal fly ash as a cement constituent derive from its pozzolanic performance. Coal fly ash reacts with calcium hydroxide from cement hydration reactions to form calcium silicate hydrates called C-S-H gel, contributing to the strength gain of the Portland cement [].Coal bottom ash also exhibits a pozzolanic reactivity in blended cements when it is …

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Portland Cement: An Overview as a Root Repair Material

Portland cement (PC) is used in challenging endodontic situations in which preserving the health and functionality of pulp tissue is of considerable importance. PC forms the main component of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and demonstrates similar desirable properties as an orthograde or retrograde filling material. PC is able to protect pulp …

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Portland cement mineralogy | SpringerLink

Composition and Properties. Portland cement consists of four main compounds listed in order of their importance: β-dicalcium silicate (β-Ca 2 SiO 4), tricalcium silicate (Ca 3 SiO 5), tricalcium aluminate (Ca 3 Al 2 O 6), and calcium aluminoferrite (Ca 2 AlFeO 5).. These compounds are formed by carefully controlling the composition of the raw materials …

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The Monarch Cement Company | Encyclopedia

As a result of improvements over the course of several decades, Monarch increased its cement capacity from 282,000 tons in 1913 to more than 850,000 at the end of the 20th century. Monarch enjoyed strong growth during the 1990s, starting the decade around $50 million in annual sales and in 1997 realizing $91.8 million.

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Cement

Portland cement Chemical composition. Portland cement is made up of four main …

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Cement-Based Repair Materials and the Interface with Concrete …

Surface damages usually occur in concrete structures. In order to restore the functions and prolong the service life of concrete structures, their surface damages should be repaired in time. This paper reviews the main requirements for repair materials for concrete structures and the most used inorganic repair materials, such as cement …

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Concrete | Encyclopedia

concrete. Building material made by mixing fragments of hard material (aggregate—usually broken stone) with mortar (fine aggregate—usually sand, water, and a binding-agent—now usually Portland cement ). Historically, concrete was made with lime, sand, and water, with brick-dust, crushed volcanic rock, and other materials added.

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Cement

Cement is a material that hardens and sticks to other materials to hold them together. Portland cement is a common kind, and made from quicklime (heated limestone) and clay. Cement is used to make concrete and mortar. Cement is widely used for plastering and rendering. Plastering is done for the inner walls, and cement rendering is done for the ...

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Ordinary portland cement | Article about ordinary portland cement …

A portland cement used for general construction which is produced without any of the special distinguishing qualities imparted to other types. Explanation of ordinary portland cement Ordinary portland cement | Article about ordinary portland cement by …

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Pore Solution

Passivation of Steel and Stainless Steel in Alkaline Media Simulating Concrete. B. Elsener, A. Rossi, in Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry, 2018 Pore Solution. Pore solution is defined as the alkaline solution present in the pores of hardened concrete. The pH of this solution in OPC is in the range from 13 to 13.8 due to the dissolution of the variable …

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Different Portland Cement Types in South Africa | Encyclopedia …

CEM I cement is Portland cement with more than 95% clinker content. CEM II cement refers to Portland cement with clinker content between A (80–94% clinker ratio) and B (65–79% clinker ratio). Gypsum, plus other pozzolanic components such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, micro silica and ground limestone, are present in CEM II cement.

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Portland cement concrete | Article about portland cement concrete …

A composite stonelike material formed by mixing an aggregate (such as stones of irregular shape or crushed rock) with cement (which acts as the binding material) and water, then allowing the mixture to dry and harden; portland cement, now used in making concrete, was not developed until the 19th century. Also see average concrete, cyclopean ...

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Portland Cement | Article about Portland Cement by The Free …

Portland Cement. a hydraulic binder composed chiefly of calcium silicates. The most widely used cement in modern construction, Portland cement is obtained by pulverizing clinker with gypsum (3–7 percent); active mineral additives (10–15 percent) may be added to the mixture. Clinker is produced upon calcination (to the point of complete ...

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Cement

Portland cement. Cement is made by heating limestone with small quantities of other materials (such as clay) to 1450 °C in a kiln. The resulting hard substance, called "clinker," is then ground with a small amount of gypsum into a powder to make "Ordinary Portland Cement," the most commonly used type of cement (often referred to as OPC).

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Portland Cement Works Precinct Facts for Kids

Portland Cement is made by mixing limestone or chalk with either clay or shale in the right proportions and burning the mixture at 1,400-1,500 degrees Celsius, a point where the mix begins to fuse. The resulting clinker is then ground fine to produce cement. The first large cement works were built in Britain in 1843.

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Cement

Cement - Composition, Properties, Major Cements: Portland cement is made up of four main compounds: tricalcium silicate (3CaO · SiO2), dicalcium silicate (2CaO · SiO2), tricalcium aluminate (3CaO · Al2O3), and a tetra-calcium aluminoferrite (4CaO · Al2O3Fe2O3). In an abbreviated notation differing from the normal atomic symbols, …

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