آخرین محصولات
Coal mining
Longwall mining involves the full extraction of coal from a section of the seam, or 'face' using mechanical shearers. The coal 'face' can vary in length from 100-350m. Self-advancing, hydraulically-powered supports temporarily hold up the roof while coal is extracted. When coal has been extracted from the area, the roof is allowed to ...
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Hard coal
Define hard coal. hard coal synonyms, hard coal pronunciation, hard coal translation, English dictionary definition of hard coal. n. See anthracite. ... The trust is responsible for the phasing-out of RAG Corp's subsidised hard coal mining in compaliance with German authorities' decision to discontinue subsidies for such operations by end-2018.
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The History of the Coal Mining Industry and Mining …
Coal mining is the highest ranking industry for accidents and deaths per capita. For this reason, continuous monitoring and more attention should be gıven to the …
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The State and Conditions of the Future Functioning of Hard Coal Mining
Hard coal and lignite mining sectors, supplying the largest amounts of raw materials for the power industry, play a special role in our country – they are the basis for energy security. This concept is defined as 'current and future satisfaction of the needs of customers for fuels and energy in a technically and economically justified manner, while …
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A new protective destressing technique in underground hard coal mining
The weakening of hard coal–rock mass is the core common problem that is involved in the top coal weakening in hard and thick coal seams, the hard roof control during the initial mining stage in ...
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(PDF) Research on Non-Pillar Coal Mining for Thick and Hard
This article introduces a new non-pillar coal mining technology (i.e., Gob-side Entry Retaining by Roof Cutting (GERRC)) under the condition of thick and hard roofs. First, we theoretically ...
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In-situ experimental study on hydro-borehole technology
Stress–strain characteristics for hard coals from Experimental Mine "Barbara" (6 samples) are presented in Fig. 1. The gallery for the water jets cut experimental campaign in coal mine
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Method for Assessing the Development of Underground Hard …
Energies 2018, 11, 1370 4 of 23 where: IDUCM—the indicator of development of underground hard coal mine, s i—the weight of individual areas from 0% to (for areas i 2{I, II, III, IV}), c k—the assessment of subsequent criteria from 0 to 100 points (for criteria k 2{1, 2, . . ., 21}). Basically, the indicator is a weighted average, in which individual areas …
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Exposure to Harmful Dusts on Fully Powered Longwall …
The analysis of dust hazard in hard coal mining should include two aspects. One is the risk of coal dust explosions, which poses a direct risk of injury or even loss of …
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Study on Optimization of Coal Truck Flow in Open-Pit Mine
A semicontinuous process system consisting of a single-bucket excavator, truck, crushing station, and belt conveyor is the main coal mining process system of a large-scale hard coal open-pit mine. Through analyzing the coal mining production process, the key issues of coal mining truck flow optimization are obtained. Statistical …
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In Germany, miners and others prepare for a soft exit from hard coal
Marcus Teply/PRI. Germany's hard coal mines fed the steel mills and power plants that rebuilt the country after World War II. But the industry peaked in the 1950s, and it's been declining ever since, from a one-two punch of high costs and falling demand. Fifty years ago, unprofitable mines were already closing.
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Full article: Lessons from Germany's hard coal mining …
This paper evaluates policy measures implemented in the two largest German hard coal mining areas in the context of the phase-out of hard coal …
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Exposure to Harmful Dusts on Fully Powered Longwall Coal …
The analysis of dust hazard in hard coal mining should include two aspects. One is the risk of coal dust explosions, which poses a direct risk of injury or even loss of life, the second is the risk of harmful dust, associated with the possibility of negative health effects as a result of long-term exposure to dust in the worker's body.
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Analysis of Hydro-fracturing Technique Using Ultra-deep
The dynamic disasters caused by the failure of hard roof in the process of mining coal seriously affect the safe production in coal mines. Based on the W1123 mining coal working face of Kuangou ...
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In-situ experimental study on hydro-borehole technology …
1 Altmetric Metrics Abstract The hydro-mining technology is considered as a promising method of bituminous coal excavation. The paper presents the results of the in …
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Hard coal and lignite
The subsidised hard coal mining industry in Germany ended on December 31, 2018 with the closure of the last remaining mines in Bottrop and Ibbenbüren. Interesting facts about …
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Ground surface uplift during hardcoal longwall mining
Ground surface uplift was detected during longwall mining in the Lazy Mine, a hard coal mine in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Czech Republic. The greatest uplift was 218 mm ...
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Just Transition in Poland: A Review of Public Policies …
One such example is the ongoing journey of the hard coal mining regions in Poland as they shift towards a low-carbon future. Poland's transition away from coal started more than 30 years ago. …
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A new protective destressing technique in underground hard coal mining
Appin coal mine is located in the Southern Coalfield of Sydney Basin, Australia. Economically, the most significant coal seams are held within the Illawarra Coal Measures, which stratify in multiple layers with various thickness. 35 Conventional longwall mining is performed in Bulli Seam, which is the topmost coal-bearing layer that settles …
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Assessment of sustainable development of hard coal mining …
The obtained results have shown limited improvement of sustainable development of hard coal mining industry in Poland in the analyzed period (an upward trend in the period 2007–2013 and a decline in following years). The highest increase of aggregate indicator in 2007–2016 period was recorded for the economic dimension …
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Poland: financial result of hard coal mining 2022 | Statista
Hard coal extraction in Poland 2009-2022; State aid for mining in Poland 2015-2023; U.S. coal mining gross output 1998-2016; Capital investment in the Canadian coal mining industry 2007-2017
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Coal in Germany | Clean Energy Wire
The average cost for mining one tonne of hard coal in Germany is 180 euros; the price for imported hard coal was between 86 and 96 euros per tonne in 2017. Because of this hard coal mining has been subsidised by the state since the 1960s. The sector has received 337 billion euros between 1970 and 2016, according to Green …
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What are the types of coal? | U.S. Geological Survey
The four ranks are: Anthracite: The highest rank of coal. It is a hard, brittle, and black lustrous coal, often referred to as hard coal, containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low percentage of volatile matter. …
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Photographic History of Hard Coal Mining in Northeastern Pennsylvania
Description from the Exhibit Introduction: Photographic History of Hard Coal Mining in Northeastern Pennsylvania was a Sordoni Art Gallery exhibit in 1976 that featured the original photographs taken by Ralph E. DeWitt, a prominent local photographer who captured the era of anthracite mining in Northeastern Pennsylvania from the late 1800s …
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An Analysis of Dust Explosion Incidents in Industries and …
Even though no coal mining industry is commercialized in Malaysia, there is a risk of having coal dust explosion due to transportation, storage and uses of coal in power generation industry, cement industry and other ... 2008 in Lumut, Perak. The incident takes place at flour factory. The incident was triggered by the hot work
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4 ин яз + Zhironkin
But since the 1960s hard-coal mining in Germany has been in the state of continuous decline. Because of relatively high production costs hard-coal mining in Germany seemed not to be capable of competing in the world market any more. Since the end of mining has been definitely decided at the beginning of the 21st century, RAG is
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(PDF) Mining-Induced Stress and Ground Pressure Behavior
In coal mining, hard and dif fi cult-to-collapse roofs refer to thick, stable, and hard rock layers such as sandstone, conglomerate, or limestone that occur above the coal seam or directly on the ...
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(PDF) From Mining to Post-Mining: The Sustainable
By the end of the 1950s, the German coal mining industry produced 150 million tons of hard coal per year in 170 collieries with 600,000 employees.
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Energies | Free Full-Text | Selection of Employees for
The way in which rescue actions are carried out in a hard coal mine is conditioned by a number of factors, including the type, scale, and location of the hazard; location of employees at the danger and level of their endangerment; and the ventilation system used in the impacted area. In this article, the importance and necessity to take …
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Environmental performance indicators of hard coal mine
The objective of the article is to determine ecological efficiency indicators of coal mines by identifying and assessing environmental aspects. The article outlines ecological efficiency, including efficiency in the micro- and macroeconomic field.
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