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PHARMACEUTICAL SUSPENSIONS

Coarse suspensions (>1 micron) Suspensions having particle sizes of greater than about 1micron in diameter are called as coarse suspensions. Suspensions are the biphasic colloidal dispersions of nanosized drug particles stabilized by surfactants. Size of the drug particles is less than 1mm. Nano suspensions (10 ng) Coarse dispersion

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Physical Pharmacy: Coarse Dispersions Flashcards | Quizlet

•Coarse suspensions (>1 micron) •Nanosuspensions (10 ng) ... Controlled Flocculation. can be produced so as to prevent formation of a compact sediment that is difficult to redisperse ... Effects of Flocculation on Sedimentation Rate. In a deflocculated suspension, the larger particles settle relatively at a faster rate than the smaller ...

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What Is Flocculation?

Flocculation is a fundamental process utilized to facilitate the aggregation of small particles in a liquid or solution to form larger clusters, known as flocs.. This process is typically achieved through the addition of specialized chemicals known as flocculants, which serve to promote particle clumping and aid in the collision and attachment of particles.

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Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally dispersed

Controlled flocculation of bismuth subnitrate suspensions was achieved by the addition of small amounts of bentonite. The interaction of the coarse, positively charged bismuth subnitrate particles in aqueous suspension with negatively charged, colloidally dispersed bentonite was investigated by measuring electrophoretic mobility, sedimentation ...

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Control of stability/flocculation and rheology of concentrated …

colloidal suspension; (b) Stable coarse suspension with uniform size; (c) Stable coarse suspension with size distribution; (d) Coagulated suspension forming chain aggregates; …

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Formulation of Pharmaceutical Suspension | The Pharmapedia

Structured vehicle is not useful for Parenteral suspension because they may create problem in syringeability due to high viscosity. Controlled flocculation. Controlled flocculation of particles is obtained by adding flocculating agents, which are: (1) electrolytes (2) surfactants (3) polymers. Flocculation in structured vehicles

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Journal J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82 [9] 2345–58 (1999)

After the 24 h mixing process, suspension pH was readjusted to 5.2 prior to conducting the experiments detailed below. (3) Compressive Rheology Several techniques can be used to measure the compressive flow behavior of ceramic suspensions, including gravitational sedimentation,19 centrifugation,4,20–26 pressure filtration,4 and

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Coarse Dispersion Suspensions

Degree of flocculation Sedimentation Volume (F) It is the ratio of ultimate volume of the sediment (Vu) to the actual volume of sediment (Vo) before settling F = Vu / Vo The value of F gives the …

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Coarse Dispersion

Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like suspensions are intended for _____, suspensions are used as _____, _____, and _____ formulations ...

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Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally …

The interaction of the coarse, positively charged bismuth subnitrate particles in aqueous suspension with negatively charged, colloidally dispersed bentonite was investigated …

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Theory of coarse suspension formulation

Hans Schott, Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally dispersed solids I: Interaction of bismuth subnitrate with bentonite, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, …

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Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally

Abstract. Deflocculated suspensions of coarse powders tend to cake as the individual particles settle out and form compact, cohesive sediments. Limited flocculation …

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Suspension

The sedimentation volume gives only a qualitative account of flocculation . A more useful parameter for flocculation is β, the degree of flocculation. If we consider a suspension that is completely …

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Sedimentation

The sedimentation of metallurgical slimes has been studied by Coe and Clevenger, 2 who concluded that a concentrated suspension may settle in one of two different ways. In the first, after an initial brief acceleration period, the interface between the clear liquid and the suspension moves downward at a constant rate, and a layer of …

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A Review on Coagulation/Flocculation in Dewatering of Coal …

Flocculation characteristics, including floc size and structure, cake resistance, and moisture content in CPPs, are influenced by different factors such as coal slurry composition, charge density and molecular weight of flocculants, polymer structure, polymer dosage, the hardness of water, suspension pH, etc. . The characteristics of …

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ONTROLLED FLOCCULATION

Although the controlled flocculation approach is capable of fulfilling the desired physical chemical requisites of a pharmaceutical suspension, the product can look unsightly if F, the sedimentation volume, is not close or equal to 1. Consequently, in practice, a suspending agent is frequently added to retard sedimentation of the flocs.

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STABILITY OF COLLOIDAL SYSTEMS, AGGREGATION, COAGULATION, FLOCCULATION

The reversal of coagulation or flocculation, i.e. the dispersion of aggregates to form a colloidally stable suspension or emulsion, is called deflocculation (sometimes peptization). The rate of aggregation is in general determined by the frequency of collisions and the probability of cohesion during collision.

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Controlled flocculation

We consider this to be a "controlled flocculation", as the entire process is controlled by the additive. Controlled flocculate with special low-molecular weight wetting and dispersing additives with several adhesive groups per …

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Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally

Deflocculated suspensions of coarse powders tend to cake as the individual particles settle out and form compact, cohesive sediments. Limited flocculation results in looser sediments because the settled‐out flocs incorporate large amounts of the liquid suspending medium. Controlled flocculation of bismuth subnitrate suspensions was …

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Suspensions

Accordingly, to prepare an ideal suspension, one should prepare a suspension with partial flocculation. That is, a compromise is reached in which the suspension is partially flocculated to enable adequate redispersion upon moderate shaking, and viscosity is controlled so that the sedimentation rate is at a minimum. Flocculating agents

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suspensions | PPT

suspensions Suspension may be defined as preparation containing finely divided drug particles distributed somewhat uniformly throughout a vehicle in which the drug exhibits a minimum degree of solubility. or Suspensions are the biphasic liquid dosage form of medicaments in which the finely divided solid particles. The range of solid particles in …

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Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally

The interaction of the coarse, positively charged bismuth subnitrate particles in aqueous suspension with negatively charged, colloidally dispersed bentonite was …

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Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally …

Deflocculated suspensions of coarse powders tend to cake as the individual particles settle out and form compact, cohesive sediments. Limited flocculation results in looser sediments because the sett...

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Preparation of Flocculated and Deflocculated Suspensions, …

Controlled flocculation The structure is imparted to suspensions by flocculation with little increase in viscosity. The following steps are involved in the flocculation process: ... It prevents sedimentation when particles move according to Brownian laws. A particle in a pharmaceutical suspension is not usually moving as Brownian motion, because.

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Control of stability/flocculation and rheology of concentrated …

pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. These suspensions can be aqueous or non-aqueous and the disperse phase may be organic or inorganic. They also cover a wide range of particle sizes, ranging from the colloid limit (1 nm - 1 pm) to coarse suspensions that exceed 1 pm and may reach tens of -8. The control of the properties of suspensions is ...

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Sedimentation in flocculating colloidal suspensions

A sedimentation-based process is rather sim- ple to describe quantitatively (and thus control) when the suspension is dilute and the individual particles are discrete.2More …

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Formulation of suspensions (Pharmacy)

Other Methods for Formulation of Suspensions. Use of controlled flocculation: Controlled flocculation of solid particles is obtained by adding flocculating agents such as Electrolytes, Surfactants, and Polymers. Use of structured vehicles: Structured vehicles also called thickening or suspending agents increase the viscosity of …

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Dispersion

The sedimentation volume gives only a qualitative account of flocculation because it lacks a meaningful reference point. 7 A more useful parameter for flocculation isβ, the degree of flocculation. If we consider a suspension that is completely defloccu- lated, the ultimate volume of the sediment will be relatively small.

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SUSPENSIONS

¾In deflocculated suspension, individual particles are settling. ¾Rate of sedimentation is slow, which prevents entrapping of liquid medium which makes it difficult to re-disperse by agitation. ¾This phenomenon called 'caking' or 'claying'. ¾In deflocculated suspension larger particles settle fast

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Powdered Particle Interactions: Suspension Flocculation and …

Deflocculated suspensions of coarse powders tend to cake as the individual particles settle out and form compact, cohesive sediments. Limited flocculation results in looser …

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