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Methyl Bromide

N.R. Reed, L Lim, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014 Abstract. Methyl bromide (74-83-9) is a natural substance and manufactured as a fumigant to control pests in the soil, food and nonfood commodities, and structures. Its pesticidal use has declined because of the phase out under the Montreal Protocol for ozone-depleting substances.

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CDC

Physical Description. Colorless gas with a chloroform-like odor at high concentrations. [Note: A liquid below 38°F. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.] Molecular Weight. 95.0. Boiling Point. 38°F. Freezing Point.

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Environmental Impacts from Pesticide Use: A Case Study of Soil

1. Introduction. Methyl bromide (MeBr) is a broad spectrum agricultural pesticide that has been used on more than 100 crops worldwide—mainly in strawberry, bell pepper and tomato production [].Its primary use is as a soil fumigant to control soil-borne diseases, nematodes, soil insects, pathogens and weeds.

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Methyl bromide

Methyl bromide (CH3Br) is a colourless, odourless, non-flammable gas. It can come from natural or industrial sources. It is mainly used as a fumigant. Methyl bromide damages the ozone layer once released into the atmosphere. It is also toxic and harmful to humans and fauna if not used carefully. It is controlled under the Montreal Protocol on Substances …

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Severe Illness from Methyl Bromide Exposure at a Condominium …

Methyl bromide toxicity has become less common after the use of methyl bromide began to be curtailed during the 1990s; the most recent report of methyl bromide toxicity was published in 2011 . However, systematic surveillance for methyl bromide toxicity does not occur on a national level, so it is difficult to know if cases have not …

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Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Request for Methyl Bromide …

The use of methyl bromide that was produced or imported through the expenditure of production or consumption allowances prior to 2005, while not confined to critical uses under EPA's phaseout regulations, is subject to the labeling restrictions under FIFRA as specified in the product labeling. II. Critical Use Nomination Process

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USDA APHIS | APHIS' Recent Successes in Reducing …

Finding alternatives to the fumigant methyl bromide is an acute need for USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). Methyl bromide …

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Technical Information

Methyl bromide is absorbed by oils, fats and finely ground materials. It is also known to react with materials containing sulphur, including food stuffs and proteins to produce objectionable discoloration and odours which may persist even after prolonged aeration. When there are concern about possible deleterious effects of methyl bromide, an ...

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Methyl Bromide and Strawberries .. Shock .. Horror .. Oh, Wait a …

In 2012 around 12,000 metric tonnes of methyl bromide were used around the world for various QPS and critical exemption purposes, Australia's agricultural use was 32 tonnes at this time (Japan ...

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Synthesis using alkynes (video) | Khan Academy

And then add methyl bromide for an alkylation reaction to put this alkyl group onto acetylene. Now you have a terminal alkyne which you can turn into an alkene by the addition …

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Bromide ion – toxicity, side effects, diseases and environmental impacts

Bromide ion, also known as bromide, is the anion of the element bromine (Br2), which is a member of the common halogen element series that includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. The atomic weight of bromine is 79.909. Bromide ion appears as a brown or red liquid at room temperature. It has a characteristic odor and it freezes at …

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Methyl Bromide | US EPA

Methyl bromide is an odorless, colorless gas used to control a wide variety of pests in agriculture and shipping, including fungi, weeds, insects, nematodes (or roundworms), and rodents. Agricultural growers inject methyl bromide about two feet into the ground to sterilize the soil before crops are planted. …

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Poisoned teens struggle to eat, walk | CNN

Methyl bromide is a restricted-use pesticide that the U.S. EPA has considered "highly toxic" for more than two decades. Inhalation of methyl bromide, even short-term, can cause severe lung ...

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Residential Proximity to Methyl Bromide Use and Birth Outcomes …

Methyl bromide use in the Salinas Valley declined from 850,000 kg in 2000 to 565,000 kg in 2010 but still represented 29% of soil fumigant use (California DPR 2001a, 2012a). Although critical use exemptions for methyl bromide use are being phased out (U.S. EPA 2012), the lack of fumigant alternatives may prolong its use in the state of …

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US EPA

• Methyl bromide is a broad-spectrum fumigant chemical that can be used as an acaricide, antimicrobial, fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, nematicide, and vertebrate control agent. • Methyl bromide's most prevalent use pattern is as a soil fumigant. It is also used as a post harvest treatment of commodities and for structural fumigation.

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Methyl bromide | Fumigant, Pesticide, Ozone-Depleting

Methyl bromide, a colourless, nonflammable, highly toxic gas (readily liquefied) belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds. It is used as a fumigant against insects and rodents in food, tobacco, and nursery stock; smaller amounts are used in the preparation of other organic compounds.

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Phaseout of Class I Ozone-Depleting Substances | US EPA

Solvent use ended when it was discovered to be carcinogenic. It is also used as a catalyst to deliver chlorine ions to certain processes. Its ozone depletion potential is 1.2., and methyl bromide methyl bromideA compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and bromine. Methyl Bromide is an effective pesticide used to fumigate soil and many ...

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What are the side effects of bromide?

Loss of sexual sensation after a stroke. My husband can only reach orgasm through masturbation. My husband gets turned on by other women. My wife cut her hair – so I don't find her sexually ...

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United States Agriculture

The two research groups had previously examined methyl bromide issues, and were chosen to provide different economic and regional perspectives. Methyl Bromide Use Preplant soil fumigationis the major use of methyl bromide in the United States,with California and Florida accounting for over 75 percent.

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USDA ERS

Methyl bromide, a widely used fumigant in agriculture, is one of a number of chemicals-including refrigerants such as freon-being phased out of use worldwide under the Montreal Protocol signed by the U.S. and 182 other countries. The Protocol is an international treaty aimed at reducing or eliminating use of chemicals that contribute to …

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Methyl bromide | Fumigant, Pesticide, Ozone-Depleting

Methyl bromide, a colourless, nonflammable, highly toxic gas (readily liquefied) belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds. It is used as a fumigant against insects and …

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10 Health Dangers of Bromine

The effect of bromide on the ultrastructure of rat thyrocytes. Ann Anat. 2004 Jun;186(3):209-16. Ren XM, Guo LH. Assessment of the binding of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers to thyroid hormone transport proteins using a site-specific fluorescence probe. Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Apr 17;46(8):4633-40. doi: …

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METHYL BROMIDE FIELD FUMIGATION

Methyl bromide use does not exceed . 171,625 lbs. in any township during any calendar month CAC denies NOI if cap will be reached Option to track on consecutive 30-day basis CACs coordinate with growers and applicators to …

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25 Synonyms & Antonyms of BROMIDE

Synonyms for BROMIDE: cliche, cliché, chestnut, platitude, banality, truism, commonplace, shibboleth; Antonyms of BROMIDE: profundity

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Pesticide predicament for California's strawberry growers

Methyl bromide's costs and benefits. Strawberry growers in California have long depended on methyl bromide, the most effective chemical to control soil-borne pathogens and weeds. Its widespread use has helped make strawberries one of California's most lucrative crops. In 2014, annual sales totaled $2.5 billion.

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@Jpr Department of Pesticide Regulation

critical use exemption authorized the use of methyl bromide for pre-plant fumigation of strawberry production fields. That exemption expired at the end of 2016, ending the last approved use for routine (non-QPS) field soil fumigation (U.S. EPA 2015). 3) Even at current use levels, illness rates are low. Extensive mitigation measures already have

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11 Uses of Bromine That You Must Know

Methyl bromide is a non-flammable, odorless gas that is used as a fumigant. It reacts with the SH group of proteins and retard a cell's performance. Protein SH + CH3Br → Protein S-CH3 + HBr. Some countries have also banned its use after finding out that it …

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USDA ERS

Fumigation using methyl bromide kills insects through inhalation of gas and, in most cases, has few effects on a commodity's quality. The treatment takes several hours but requires no special facilities or capital investment. For this reason, it can also be used both as a spot treatment for hitchhikers or as a regular mandatory treatment for ...

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METHYL BROMIDE HAZARD SUMMARY Methyl Bromide

Common Name: METHYL BROMIDE CAS Number: 74-83-9 DOT Number: UN 1062 DOT Hazard Class: 2.3 (Poison Gas) ----- HAZARD SUMMARY * Methyl Bromide can affect you when breathed in and may be absorbed through the skin. * Because this is a MUTAGEN, handle it as a possible carcinogen--WITH EXTREME CAUTION. ...

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NPTN General Fact Sheets are designed to answer …

$ Methyl bromide is a colorless, non-flammable gas that has no odor except at high levels (4). $ Methyl bromide use is currently being reduced because of its ability to destroy the ozone layer (5). Beginning January 1, 2005, production and use of methyl bromide will stop in the United States, except for emergency and critical uses (5).

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